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Interaction-induced broadening significantly increases the linewidth of 87Rb Rydberg atoms in optical lattices. This impacts proposals using coherently interacting Rydberg atoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Rydberg atoms, highly excited atomic states, exhibit strong interactions.
  • Coherent interactions of Rydberg atoms are crucial for quantum information processing and simulation.
  • Understanding factors affecting Rydberg atom interactions is essential for advancing these fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interaction-induced broadening of the two-photon 5s-18s transition in Rubidium-87 (87Rb) atoms.
  • To quantify the relationship between atomic density, excitation strength, and transition linewidth.
  • To identify the underlying mechanism responsible for the observed broadening.

Main Methods:

  • Trapping 87Rb atoms in a 3D optical lattice.
  • Performing two-photon spectroscopy on the 5s-18s transition.
  • Varying atomic density and excitation strength to observe changes in spectral linewidth.
  • Analyzing scattering properties (resonant and off-resonant).

Main Results:

  • Observed a nearly two-orders-of-magnitude increase in linewidth with increasing atomic density and excitation strength.
  • Attributed the broadening to resonant dipole-dipole interactions between 18s Rydberg atoms and blackbody-populated np states.
  • Found the transition width is a single function of the steady-state Rydberg atom density.
  • Resonant excitation rate matched a two-level system using the measured, not natural, linewidth.

Conclusions:

  • Interaction-induced broadening significantly impacts the 5s-18s transition in 87Rb Rydberg atoms.
  • The observed broadening mechanism, driven by dipole-dipole interactions, has potential negative implications for quantum technologies relying on coherent Rydberg atom interactions.
  • Further research is needed to mitigate or control this broadening effect for practical applications.