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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
Published on: March 26, 2018
Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients
Martin B Leon1, Craig R Smith1, Michael J Mack1
1From the Columbia University Medical Center (M.B.L., C.R.S., S.K.K., D.D., J.W.M., R.T.H., M.C.A.) and New York University Langone Medical Center (M.R.W.) - both in New York; Baylor Scott and White Healthcare, Plano, TX (M.J.M., D.L.B.); Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M., A.T.), Stanford University, Stanford (D.C.M., W.F.F.), and independent consultant (W.N.A.), Lake Forest - all in California; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (L.G.S., E.M.T., S.K., W.A.J.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.H.T., V.B.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (H.C.H., W.Y.S.); St. Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City (D.J.C.), and Washington University, St. Louis (A.Z.) - both in Missouri; Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC (A.D.P.); HCA Medical City Dallas Hospital, Dallas (T.D.); Christ Hospital, Cincinnati (D.K.); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (K.L.G.); Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City (B.K.W.); Providence St. Vincent Hospital, Portland, OR (R.W.H.); and Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (J.G.W.) - both in Canada.
Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) showed similar survival to surgical aortic-valve replacement in intermediate-risk patients. TAVR also reduced complications like kidney injury and bleeding.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Previous trials demonstrated similar survival rates between transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic-valve replacement (SAVR) in high-risk patients with aortic stenosis.
- This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAVR compared to SAVR in intermediate-risk patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the outcomes of TAVR versus SAVR in intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis.
- To determine if TAVR is non-inferior to SAVR regarding the composite endpoint of death from any cause or disabling stroke at 2 years.
Main Methods:
- A randomized trial involving 2032 intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis across 57 centers.
- Patients were assigned to either TAVR or SAVR. The primary endpoint was death or disabling stroke at 2 years.
- Patients were stratified into transfemoral-access and transthoracic-access cohorts before randomization.
Main Results:
- The rate of death or disabling stroke at 2 years was similar between TAVR (19.3%) and SAVR (21.1%), confirming TAVR's non-inferiority (P=0.001).
- In the transfemoral cohort, TAVR showed a significantly lower rate of death or disabling stroke (P=0.05).
- TAVR resulted in improved hemodynamic valve performance and lower rates of acute kidney injury, bleeding, and atrial fibrillation, while SAVR had fewer vascular complications and less paravalvular regurgitation.
Conclusions:
- Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) is a viable alternative to surgical aortic-valve replacement in intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis.
- TAVR demonstrated similar efficacy to SAVR for the primary endpoint and offered advantages in specific complication rates and hemodynamic outcomes.
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