The effect of bladder diverticula on bladder function: An experimental study in rabbits

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Experimental Medicine
• Animal Models

Background:

• Bladder diverticula (BD) are outpouchings of the bladder wall.
• The functional impact of BD on bladder mechanics remains incompletely understood.
• Rabbit models offer a platform to investigate the urodynamic consequences of BD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the functional effects of bladder diverticula (BD) on bladder capacity and voiding dynamics.
• To assess the impact of diverticula size and number on urodynamic parameters.
• To correlate pathological findings with functional changes in a rabbit model.

Main Methods:

• 32 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into sham, single small (1cm), single large (3cm), and multiple (4x1cm) BD groups.
• Urodynamic evaluations (PMR, MBC, Pdet, compliance, unstable contractions) were performed preoperatively and at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively.
• Pathologic assessment and evaluation for stone formation were conducted post-sacrifice.

Main Results:

• Large and multiple BD groups exhibited significant post-void residual (PMR) and reduced bladder capacity (MBC) and compliance.
• Increased filling detrusor pressure (Pdet) was observed in large/multiple BD groups compared to controls.
• Unstable detrusor contractions were prevalent in large/multiple BD groups, with some stone formation noted.

Conclusions:

• Bladder diverticula, particularly large or multiple ones, significantly impair bladder storage and emptying functions.
• BD can lead to decreased bladder capacity, reduced elasticity, and dysfunctional voiding due to involuntary contractions.
• These findings highlight the detrimental effects of significant bladder diverticula on bladder function.