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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
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Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

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EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
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Camouflaging Agents for Vitiligo Patients.

Claudia Hossain, Dennis A Porto, Iltefat Hamzavi

    Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD
    |April 7, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Camouflaging vitiligo lesions can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Dermatologists should discuss temporary concealment options, like topical agents and cosmetics, with patients early on.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Cosmetic Science

    Background:

    • Vitiligo is an acquired skin condition causing depigmented patches, leading to cosmetic disfigurement and psychological distress.
    • Historically, camouflage for vitiligo was considered cosmetic, not medical, with limited options available.
    • Effective concealment of vitiligo lesions can substantially enhance a patient's quality of life.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and evaluate available vitiligo concealment methods.
    • To inform dermatologists about diverse camouflage options for patient discussion.
    • To emphasize the importance of addressing camouflage needs from the initial patient visit.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted a literature review of vitiligo concealment techniques.
    • Evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of various methods.

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  • Identified cosmetic tattoos, dihydroxyacetone, general cosmetics, and topical agents (e.g., Microskin™) as concealment options.

    • Main Results:

    • A range of concealment methods exist, including tattoos, dihydroxyacetone, general cosmetics, and specialized topical agents.
    • Each method presents unique benefits and drawbacks.
    • Temporary concealment methods are generally recommended.

    Conclusions:

    • Dermatologists should be aware of and discuss all vitiligo camouflage options with patients.
    • The choice of camouflage agent should be individualized based on lesion location, desired coverage, cost, and availability.
    • Integrating camouflage discussions into routine dermatological care is crucial for patient well-being.