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Incidence and Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity in North of Iran
Yousef Alizadeh1, Marjaneh Zarkesh1, Reza Soltani Moghadam1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Insights
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) affects over 20% of preterm infants in Rasht, Iran. Low birth weight and premature gestational age are key risk factors for this serious eye condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neonatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
- Early identification and management of ROP are crucial for preventing long-term vision loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of ROP in preterm infants referred to Amiralmomenin Eye Hospital in Rasht, Iran.
- To identify risk factors associated with ROP development in this population.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed data from preterm infants (birth weight ≤2500g or gestational age ≤36 weeks) over a five-year period (2005-2010).
- Infant records were reviewed for ROP diagnosis, gestational age, birth weight, and potential risk factors like oxygen therapy, phototherapy, blood transfusion, and apnea.
Main Results:
- ROP was diagnosed in 20.6% of 310 referred preterm infants.
- The incidence of ROP was significantly associated with lower gestational age (mean 30.18 weeks) and lower birth weight (mean 1422.8g).
- Independently significant risk factors identified through logistic regression were low gestational age and low birth weight.
Conclusions:
- Retinopathy of prematurity is a common condition among preterm infants in Iran's Guilan Province.
- Low birth weight and premature gestational age are confirmed as significant risk factors for ROP.
Purpose:
To report the incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm infants referred to Amiralmomenin Eye Hospital, Rasht, Iran.
Methods:
This cross-sectional retrospective study included all preterm infants with birth weight ≤2500 g and/or gestational age ≤36 weeks who had been referred to our facility for ROP screening over a five year period from September 2005 to September 2010. Possible risk factors and findings related to eye examinations were extracted and analyzed.
Results:
Among 310 infants, ROP was diagnosed in 64 (20.6%) of referred preterm infants (95% CI: 17.7%-23.5%); these included stage I in 48%, stage 2 in 29%, and stage 3 or higher disease in 23% of subjects. Mean gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) in the ROP-affected infants was 30.18 ± 2.28 weeks and 1,422.8 ± 420.8 g, respectively. Low BW, low GA, oxygen therapy, phototherapy, blood transfusion and apnea were risk factors for ROP. After logistic regression analysis, only low GA and low BW were independently associated with the condition.
Conclusion:
ROP is a relatively common finding in preterm infants of Guilan Province in the North of Iran. Low BW and low GA were significant risk factors for the disease.
