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Urinary APE1/Ref-1: A Potential Bladder Cancer Biomarker
Sunga Choi1, Ju Hyun Shin2, Yu Ran Lee1
1Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
Disease Markers
|April 9, 2016
Summary
Urinary apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is elevated in bladder cancer patients. This noninvasive biomarker shows promise for early bladder cancer detection and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Uro-oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Cancer Diagnostics
Background:
- Bladder cancer (BCa) remains a significant health concern with a notable incidence rate.
- Early detection of BCa is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes.
- Previous research indicated elevated serum apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) in BCa patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the elevation of urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer.
- To assess the diagnostic potential of urinary APE1/Ref-1 as a noninvasive biomarker for BCa.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 277 participants (169 BCa patients, 108 non-BCa controls).
- Collection of voided urine samples from all subjects.
- Quantification of urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Main Results:
- Significantly higher urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels were observed in BCa patients compared to controls.
- Elevated APE1/Ref-1 levels correlated with tumor grade, stage, and history of BCa recurrence.
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.83, demonstrating biomarker validity.
Conclusions:
- Urinary APE1/Ref-1 is a promising, noninvasively detected biomarker for bladder cancer diagnosis.
- The study suggests clinical applicability of measuring urinary APE1/Ref-1 for BCa detection.
- Optimal sensitivity (82%) and specificity (80%) were achieved at a cut-off value of 0.376 ng/100 μL.
