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Biomarkers and asthma management: an update
Hannah K Bayes1, Douglas C Cowan
1aInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow bDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|April 9, 2016
Summary
Biomarkers like blood eosinophils and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) help personalize asthma treatment. These tools predict response to steroids and biologics, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Asthma is a complex respiratory condition with diverse endotypes and phenotypes.
- Treatment response, particularly to corticosteroids, varies significantly among patients.
- Novel biological therapies offer new avenues for managing severe or refractory asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current data on asthma biomarkers.
- To assess the utility of biomarkers in predicting treatment response to steroids and biologics.
- To highlight advancements in personalized asthma management.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on asthma biomarkers.
- Analysis of data on blood eosinophils, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), periostin, and transcriptomics.
- Evaluation of biomarker panels for predictive value.
Main Results:
- Blood eosinophils serve as a reliable surrogate for sputum eosinophilia.
- FENO-guided treatment algorithms improve asthma control and quality of life.
- Periostin indicates lung function decline and eosinophilic inflammation.
- Transcriptomics show potential for asthma endotyping.
- Biomarker combinations, like FENO/urinary bromotyrosine, enhance steroid response prediction.
- Biologics are effective in biomarker-selected asthma populations.
Conclusions:
- Biomarkers such as blood eosinophils and FENO are crucial for individualized asthma therapy.
- These biomarkers guide the administration of both steroidal and novel biological treatments.
- Transcriptomics may play a future role in differentiating asthma subtypes for tailored treatment strategies.
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