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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

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Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

The Pocket-Creation Procedure of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Large Rectal Laterally Spreading Tumors
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POEM and Submucosal Tunneling.

Yuki B Werner1,2, Thomas Rösch3

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology
|April 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Submucosal endoscopy offers advanced gastrointestinal treatments like peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia. Further research is needed to confirm the long-term safety and effectiveness of these innovative endoscopic techniques.

Keywords:
ESTDEndoscopic myotomyPOEMSTERSubmucosal endoscopySubmucosal tunneling resection techniques

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Endoscopic Therapeutics

Background:

  • Submucosal endoscopy enables interventions beyond the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Innovative techniques are emerging for various esophageal diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current submucosal endoscopic techniques for esophageal diseases.
  • To discuss the potential and limitations of these advanced procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia.
  • Description of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) for tumors.
  • Explanation of endoscopic submucosal tunneling dissection (ESTD) for neoplastic lesions.

Main Results:

  • POEM shows promise for achalasia and spastic esophageal diseases.
  • STER and ESTD have limited indications due to tumor characteristics and benign nature.
  • Technically demanding procedures require significant learning curves and careful patient selection.

Conclusions:

  • Submucosal endoscopy presents novel therapeutic options for esophageal conditions.
  • Long-term data and randomized controlled trials are essential to validate efficacy and safety.