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Live donor study - implications of kidney donation on cardiovascular risk with a focus on lipid parameters including
Brian Doucet1,2, Karam Kostner1,2, Omar Kaiser3
1Department of Cardiology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Insights
Live kidney donation is associated with increased body mass index and triglycerides one year post-donation. Cardiovascular risk parameters require monitoring in kidney donors after donation to ensure long-term health.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Transplant Surgery
Background:
- Live kidney donation is a critical procedure for end-stage renal disease treatment.
- Long-term health implications for living kidney donors require ongoing evaluation.
- Cardiovascular risk factors are a key concern in donor follow-up.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in cardiovascular risk parameters, particularly lipids, in live kidney donors one year after donation.
- To evaluate alterations in body mass index, blood pressure, and kidney function post-donation.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational cohort study design.
- Inclusion of 87 live kidney donors.
- Measurement of body mass index, blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (using chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), and lipid profiles at baseline and one year post-donation.
Main Results:
- Significant increase in body mass index (26.5 to 27.4 kg/m², p < 0.0001).
- Significant decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (111.8 to 72.1 mL/min/1.73 m², p < 0.0001).
- Significant increase in serum triglyceride levels (0.8 to 1.0 mmol/L, p = 0.0004) and statin use (11.5% to 21%, p < 0.005).
- Low-density lipoprotein and other lipids (HDL, ApoB, Lp(a)) remained stable.
Conclusions:
- Live kidney donation leads to significant changes in cardiovascular risk factors, including increased BMI and triglycerides, and reduced kidney function.
- Regular monitoring of cardiovascular health and lipid profiles is essential for live kidney donors post-donation.
- Further research may explore interventions to mitigate these post-donation changes.
Abstract:
In this prospective observational cohort study, we evaluate the change in cardiovascular risk parameters, with a focus on lipids, in live kidney donors 1 year post donation. Body mass index, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, kidney function (chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid estimated glomerular filtration) and lipid parameters were measured at baseline and 1 year. Data on 87 live kidney donors were collected. Body mass index increased from 26.5 ± 2.7 pre to 27.4 ± 3.0 kg/m(2) post donation (p < 0.0001). Chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid estimated glomerular filtration decreased from 111.8 ± 20.0 pre to 72.1 ± 13.1 mL/min/1.73 m(2) post donation (p < 0.0001). Serum triglyceride levels increased from 0.8 (interquartile range 0.6-1.3) pre to 1.0 mmol/L (interquartile range 0.7-1.6) post donation (p = 0.0004). Statin use increased from 11.5% pre to 21% post donation (p < 0.005). Low-density lipoprotein remained stable, and other lipids (high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein a) did not change post donation.
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