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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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[Geriatric nephrology: an overview].

Silvia Lai, Gesualdo Campolo, Flora Ferrazzoli

    Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
    |April 13, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    As the global geriatric population grows, understanding chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older adults is crucial. This review highlights unique challenges and management strategies for improving quality of life and reducing healthcare costs in elderly patients with kidney disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Geriatrics
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is rising globally, especially in adults over 70.
    • 20-54% of older adults have CKD stages 3-5, but whether this is aging or disease is debated.
    • Reduced kidney function in the elderly increases risks for acute kidney injury (AKI).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review current knowledge on specific issues in older adults with acute and chronic kidney disease.
    • To analyze peculiar and frequent problems encountered in this growing demographic.

    Main Methods:

    • A PubMed search identified English literature on CKD and AKI in older adults.
    • Included prospective, retrospective studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews.
    • 103 studies met inclusion criteria after rigorous screening.

    Main Results:

    • Studies were categorized into chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in older adults.
    • Analysis focused on the specific and common issues identified within these categories.
    • Key findings address the unique aspects of kidney disease management in the elderly.

    Conclusions:

    • The increasing geriatric population necessitates attention to specific health issues like sarcopenia, malnutrition, and cognitive deficits.
    • Addressing these factors can improve quality of life, patient adherence, and reduce healthcare costs.
    • Multidisciplinary team approaches are essential for comprehensive geriatric patient evaluation and care, including end-of-life planning.