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Age at First Rotavirus Vaccination and Risk of Intussusception in Infants: A Public Health Modeling Analysis

Chee Fu Yung1, Chia Yin Chong2,3,4, Koh Cheng Thoon2,3,4

  • 1Infectious Disease Service, Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. cheefu.yung@gmail.com.

Drug Safety
|April 13, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Administering rotavirus vaccines (RVs) before 3 months of age significantly reduces the risk of intussusception in infants. Early vaccination minimizes potential adverse events following immunization, ensuring infant safety.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric epidemiology
  • Vaccine safety research
  • Public health risk analysis

Background:

  • Intussusception incidence naturally peaks between 3-8 months of age.
  • Rotavirus vaccines (RVs) are associated with a temporary increased risk of intussusception post-vaccination.
  • Previous studies indicate a fivefold and twofold risk increase after the first and second RV doses, respectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the public health impact of varying ages for the first rotavirus vaccine dose.
  • To assess the relationship between rotavirus vaccination timing and infant intussusception risk.
  • To identify optimal vaccination schedules for minimizing intussusception risk.

Main Methods:

  • A static cohort model was developed to simulate intussusception hospitalizations in infants up to 1 year old.
  • The model incorporated relative risks of 5.45 and 1.75 for the first and second RV doses, respectively.
  • Three infant rotavirus vaccination schedules were analyzed to estimate excess intussusception hospitalizations.

Main Results:

  • The lowest estimated intussusception risk (1 in 49,000) occurred when both RV doses were administered before 3 months of age.
  • A slightly higher risk (1 in 41,000) was observed if the first dose was before 3 months and the second between 3-5 months.
  • The highest risk (1 in 11,000) was associated with administering both RV doses after 3 months of age.

Conclusions:

  • Early administration of rotavirus vaccines, particularly the first two doses before 3 months, is crucial.
  • Optimizing RV vaccination schedules can minimize the risk of intussusception as an adverse event.
  • This study underscores the importance of timely vaccination for infant safety and public health.
Abstract

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