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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Published on: April 4, 2025

Anticipatory eye fixations reveal tool knowledge for tool interaction.

Anna Belardinelli¹, Marissa Barabas², Marc Himmelbach²

¹Cognitive Modeling, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. belardinelli@uni-tuebingen.de.

Experimental Brain Research

|April 13, 2016

Summary

Eye fixations during tool interaction reveal cognitive planning. Participants fixated unfamiliar tools more when using them, indicating active mechanical inference for task-specific planning.

Keywords:

Anticipation Eye movements Sensorimotor/mechanical knowledge Tool use Vision for action

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Human-Computer Interaction
Psychology

Background:

Eye-tracking studies demonstrate eye fixations predict behavioral intentions.
Fixations often target tool/object locations for manipulation or obstacle avoidance.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate if eye fixations reflect cognitive inference processes.
Determine how internal knowledge (sensorimotor, semantic, mechanical) influences eye movements during object interaction planning.

Main Methods:

Participants viewed familiar and unfamiliar tools.
Task: Pantomime 'lifting' or 'using' the tool.
Eye fixations were recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

Unfamiliar tools elicited closer and longer fixations on the effector part compared to familiar tools.
This effect was more pronounced during 'using' than 'lifting' tasks.
Successive fixations indicated dynamic, task-oriented cognitive processing.

Conclusions:

Eye fixations reveal active cognitive inference, integrating visual input with internal knowledge.
The brain extracts mechanical information from unfamiliar tools to infer usage.
Dynamic eye movements reflect a continuous planning process for tool interaction.