Two steps back, one step forward: reconstructing the dynamic Danube riverscape under human influence in Vienna

Area of Science:

• Environmental History
• River Morphology
• Hydrology

Background:

• The environmental history of the Viennese Danube is crucial for understanding urban development.
• Reconstructing past river landscapes requires integrating diverse data sources.

Purpose of the Study:

• To reconstruct the historical river landscape of the Viennese Danube.
• To detail the methodology and limitations of a GIS-based reconstruction.
• To provide a basis for interpreting environmental conditions and urban development in Vienna.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a GIS-based approach integrating historical sources, morphological processes, and hydraulic measures.
• Employed a regressive-iterative method to reconstruct ten historical river states from the 16th century to the present.
• Critically revised reconstructed time segments for accuracy and relevance.

Main Results:

• Generated maps of the Danube floodplain from 1529 to 2010.
• Identified key environmental conditions impacting Vienna's urban development.
• Located historical riverine and urban landmarks, such as river arms and bridges.

Conclusions:

• The interdisciplinary reconstruction provides a robust foundation for historical and environmental research.
• Synergies between historical and natural sciences enhance understanding of river dynamics and urban history.
• The methodology offers a critical approach to reconstructing past river landscapes.