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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

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The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
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Mass Spectrometry: Carboxylic Acid, Ester, and Amide Fragmentation01:01

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The fragmentation patterns observed for compounds such as carboxylic acids, esters, and amides in the mass spectra include ⍺-cleavage and McLafferty rearrangement. Fragmentation by ⍺-cleavage preferentially occurs at the carbon-carbon bond at the ⍺-position next to the carboxylic group to generate a neutral radical and a cation. Long chain compounds with hydrogen at their γ-carbon undergo McLafferty rearrangement to give a radical cation and a neutral alkene.
For example, the...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

2.1K
The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte...
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Mass-Selective Chiral Analysis.

Ulrich Boesl1, Aras Kartouzian1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany; email: ulrich.boesl@tum.de , aras.kartouzian@tum.de.

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|April 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mass-selective chiral analysis, crucial for enantioselective catalysis, can be achieved through diastereomer formation or two circular dichroism (CD) methods coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). These techniques offer powerful analytical tools for chemical development.

Keywords:
chiralitycircular dichroismenantiomeric recognitionheterogeneous asymmetric catalysislaser spectroscopymass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Catalysis

Background:

  • Chiral analysis is essential for understanding stereochemistry in chemical reactions.
  • Mass spectrometry (MS) provides sensitive detection for molecular analysis.
  • Combining chiral selectivity with mass-selective detection offers powerful analytical capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for mass-selective chiral analysis.
  • To highlight applications in heterogeneous enantioselective chemical catalysis.
  • To discuss advancements in circular dichroism (CD) coupled with MS.

Main Methods:

  • Diastereomer formation (homo- and hetero-types) for chiral separation.
  • Electronic circular dichroism (CD) coupled with resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry (MS).
  • Circular dichroism (CD) in photoelectron angular distribution measured with photoion photoelectron coincidence MS.

Main Results:

  • Established methods using diastereomer formation are widely applied.
  • Novel CD-based techniques offer advanced mass-selective chiral detection.
  • These methods are valuable for developing enantioselective catalysts.

Conclusions:

  • Mass-selective chiral analysis encompasses diverse techniques, including diastereomer formation and advanced CD-MS methods.
  • These analytical tools are critical for progress in enantioselective catalysis.
  • Future developments in CD-MS promise enhanced capabilities for chiral analysis.