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Proteomics

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

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Published on: November 15, 2017

Proteomics in quality control: Whey protein-based supplements.

Bruno Carius Garrido¹, Gustavo H M F Souza², Daniela C Lourenço³

¹Divisão de Metrologia Química, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.

Journal of Proteomics

|April 14, 2016

Summary

Whey protein supplements were analyzed for adulteration using shotgun proteomics. Many samples contained undeclared proteins like soy, wheat, and rice, indicating potential contamination or fraud in the popular nutritional supplement industry.

Keywords:

Mass spectrometry Nutritional supplements Proteomics Quality control Whey protein

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Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

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Published on: November 15, 2017

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Ion Exchange Chromatography IEX Coupled to Multi-angle Light Scattering MALS for Protein Separation and Characterization

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Published on: April 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Food Science
Analytical Chemistry
Proteomics

Background:

Growing consumption of nutritional supplements raises quality concerns.
Whey protein (WP) is a popular supplement frequently targeted for adulteration with cheaper proteins.
Adulteration can compromise the biological value and safety of supplements.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate adulteration in whey protein supplements using shotgun proteomics.
To develop and apply a rigorous proteomic methodology for quality control in nutritional supplements.
To identify non-whey protein sources in commercial WP products.

Main Methods:

Shotgun proteomics analysis using MS(E) (multiplexed, low- and high-collision energy, data-independent acquisition).
Evaluation of 17 WP-based supplement samples.
Rigorous quality criteria applied to proteomic data, with 94% of peptides within 10ppm maximum error.

Main Results:

523 proteins identified across samples.
10 out of 16 samples contained only bovine whey proteins.
The remaining samples showed high concentrations of other protein sources, notably soybean, wheat, and rice.

Conclusions:

Shotgun proteomics is a reliable method for detecting adulteration in whey protein supplements.
Results indicate probable adulteration or contamination during manufacturing.
The proteomic approach and quality criteria can guide future quality control efforts in the food industry.