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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

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Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

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Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
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Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Self-Administration of Drugs in Mouse Models of Feeding and Obesity
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Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia.

Stephanie Sampson1, Prakash Hosalli, Vivek A Furtado

  • 1The University of Nottingham, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham Innovation Park, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, UK, NG7 2TU.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines depot risperidone for schizophrenia, finding it may be more acceptable than placebo but its effectiveness compared to other antipsychotics is unclear. It might benefit those with adherence issues, potentially without increased movement disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis

Background:

  • Risperidone is a novel antipsychotic available as a long-acting injectable formulation.
  • Schizophrenia treatment often involves managing adherence to oral medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of depot risperidone against placebo, other antipsychotics, and no treatment for schizophrenia.
  • To assess the resource use, cost, and cost-effectiveness of depot risperidone in schizophrenia management.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized clinical trials comparing depot risperidone with other treatments.
  • Searched Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register and other sources up to October 2015.
  • Extracted data on relapse, mental state, adverse events, and study attrition; assessed risk of bias and used GRADE for quality assessment.

Main Results:

  • Depot risperidone showed no significant difference in relapse or mental state improvement compared to oral risperidone, but had more nervous system disorders versus general oral antipsychotics.
  • Compared to oral quetiapine, fewer participants left the study early with depot risperidone, but it was associated with more extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and prolactin-related events.
  • Depot risperidone showed similar efficacy to oral aripiprazole and olanzapine but with higher rates of prolactin-related events and EPS, respectively, and increased early study withdrawal compared to olanzapine.

Conclusions:

  • Depot risperidone may offer an alternative for patients with adherence challenges, potentially without increasing extrapyramidal side effects.
  • While comparable to oral risperidone for those who adhere to treatment, its superiority over other antipsychotics requires further investigation.
  • The evidence suggests depot risperidone might be more acceptable than placebo, but its overall effectiveness and safety profile relative to other treatments warrant careful consideration.