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The adolescent as forgiver.

R D Enright1, M J Santos, R Al-Mabuk

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.

Journal of Adolescence
|March 1, 1989
PubMed
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This study shows that understanding forgiveness develops with age, moving through distinct stages. Religious practice is also linked to higher stages of forgiveness development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Moral Development

Background:

  • Forgiveness is a complex process with developmental aspects.
  • Previous models have not fully captured the social cognitive trajectory of forgiveness.
  • Understanding the developmental stages of forgiveness is crucial for psychological well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and test a social cognitive developmental model of forgiveness.
  • To examine the relationship between age, justice development, and forgiveness.
  • To explore the influence of religiosity on forgiveness development.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted, with the second replicating the first.
  • Participants (grades 4, 7, 10, college, adulthood) were interviewed about forgiveness.

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  • Measures included a forgiveness interview, Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) for justice development, and a religiosity scale.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant age trends were observed for both forgiveness and justice development.
    • Forgiveness and justice were found to be related yet distinct constructs.
    • Higher levels of religious practice correlated with more advanced stages of forgiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings provide strong evidence that the understanding and practice of forgiveness develop progressively with age.
    • The social cognitive developmental model of forgiveness is supported by the data.
    • Implications for understanding adolescent development and promoting forgiveness are discussed.