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Related Experiment Videos

Dependency, self-criticism, and depressive attributional style.

J D Brown, G Silberschatz

    Journal of Abnormal Psychology
    |May 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dependency and self-criticism are linked to internal attributions in depression. This study found these traits, often seen as distinct depression factors, are interconnected and share similar attributional patterns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Clinical Psychology
    • Psychopathology
    • Cognitive Bias

    Background:

    • Depression is often conceptualized with distinct contributing factors.
    • Dependency and self-criticism are proposed as independent facets of depression.
    • Causal attributional style, particularly internality for negative events, is linked to depression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if individuals with depression differ based on dependency versus self-criticism in their causal attributions for negative events.
    • To examine the relationship between dependency, self-criticism, and the internality of attributions for negative events in a depressed sample.

    Main Methods:

    • Sixty psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with depression participated.
    • Participants completed self-report measures including the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, semantic differential, and Attributional Style Questionnaire.
    • Correlational analyses were used to examine relationships between variables.

    Main Results:

    • Both dependency and self-criticism showed a significant positive correlation with the internality of causal attributions for negative events.
    • Dependency and self-criticism were also positively correlated with each other.
    • The findings did not support the idea that dependency and self-criticism represent specific, distinct subtypes of depression regarding attributional style.

    Conclusions:

    • Dependency and self-criticism in depression are not independent factors concerning causal attributions for negative events.
    • Both traits are associated with a tendency to attribute negative events to internal causes.
    • The study suggests a shared underlying mechanism related to attributional style for these two facets of depression.

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