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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Fabricating a UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Platform
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Cavity-Enhanced Immunoassay Measurements in Microtiter Plates Using BBCEAS.

Zuzana Bajuszova1, Zulfiqur Ali1, Simon Scott1

  • 1School of Science and Engineering, Teesside University , Borough Road, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, United Kingdom.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 19, 2016
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Summary

This study introduces broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) for immunoassays, significantly boosting sensitivity for detecting molecules like osteocalcin. This novel detection method offers a more sensitive and cost-effective approach for various biochemical tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Immunoassays are crucial diagnostic tools, but sensitivity limitations can hinder early disease detection.
  • Conventional microplate readers often lack the sensitivity required for detecting low-concentration biomarkers.
  • Enhancing detection sensitivity in immunoassays can lead to earlier diagnosis and more cost-effective testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first detailed application of broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) as a detection system for immunoassays.
  • To develop and evaluate a custom-built cavity enhanced microplate reader for enhanced sensitivity measurements.
  • To assess the performance of BBCEAS in detecting osteocalcin and a standard colorimetric reaction.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a vertical R ≥ 0.99 optical cavity with a motorized XY stage for 96-well microtiter plates.
  • Utilizing a custom-built cavity enhanced microplate reader for measurements.
  • Testing with a commercially available osteocalcin sandwich ELISA kit and a standard STREP-HRP colorimetric reaction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 30-fold increase in path length and a 39-fold increase in measurement sensitivity for osteocalcin detection compared to conventional readers.
  • Demonstrated up to a 115-fold increase in sensitivity for a STREP-HRP colorimetric reaction.
  • The developed setup showed sensitivity comparable to liquid-phase cavity enhanced studies and approaching fluorometric ELISAs.

Conclusions:

  • BBCEAS offers a significant improvement in sensitivity for immunoassay detection.
  • The developed cavity enhanced microplate reader provides a powerful tool for biochemical tests relying on absorption detection.
  • This technology can enable label-free detection of low-concentration molecules and reduce the cost of diagnostic tests.