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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

560
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
560
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

735
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
735
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

327
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
327
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

729
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
729
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

14.5K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
14.5K
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

2.5K
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
2.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model
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A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model

Published on: November 6, 2020

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Validated Risk Score for Predicting 6-Month Mortality in Infective Endocarditis.

Lawrence P Park1, Vivian H Chu1, Gail Peterson2

  • 1Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|April 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Infective endocarditis (IE) has a 25% mortality rate, influenced by patient factors, disease characteristics, and complications. Early surgery reduces IE mortality but is underutilized in high-risk patients.

Keywords:
infectionmortalityprognosissurgeryvalves

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model
06:02

A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model

Published on: November 6, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Host factors and complications are linked to increased mortality in infective endocarditis (IE).
  • Predicting mortality in IE is crucial for patient management.
  • Previous models may not fully capture the complexity of IE outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a clinical model predicting 6-month mortality in infective endocarditis.
  • To identify key host factors, IE characteristics, and complications associated with mortality.
  • To assess the impact of surgery on IE survival.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a predictive model using Cox proportional hazards modeling on a multinational prospective IE registry (ICE-PCS).
  • Internal validation via bootstrapping and external validation in an independent registry (ICE-PLUS).
  • Inverse probability weighting was used to account for surgery treatment.

Main Results:

  • The 6-month mortality rate was approximately 24-29% across cohorts.
  • Host factors (age, dialysis), IE characteristics (prosthetic IE, organism type), and complications (heart failure, stroke) predicted mortality.
  • Surgery during hospitalization was associated with reduced mortality (HR 0.74) but was less frequent in high-risk patients.

Conclusions:

  • Infective endocarditis carries a substantial 6-month mortality risk (≈25%).
  • A validated model incorporating host factors, IE characteristics, and complications accurately predicts IE mortality.
  • A simplified risk model can aid in identifying high-risk IE subgroups for targeted interventions, including timely surgery.