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One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay to Determine Single-molecule Properties of Cl- Channels and Transporters
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Ion channel-transporter interactions.

Daniel L Neverisky1, Geoffrey W Abbott1

  • 1a Bioelectricity Laboratory, Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine , CA , USA.

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|April 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell membrane proteins, known as chansporters, physically interact to regulate ion and solute transport. These newly identified complexes have significant roles in cell function and disease.

Keywords:
ATPaseActive transportKCNQ1NISSMIT1voltage-gated potassium channel

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Membrane Transport
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cells utilize membrane proteins for regulated transport of ions and solutes.
  • Ion channels facilitate passive ion movement, while active transporters move molecules against gradients using energy.
  • Existing knowledge suggests functional cooperation between different transporter classes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging class of "chansporters"—complexes of ion channels and active transporters.
  • To explore the biological roles and pathophysiological implications of chansporters.
  • To examine specific examples of chansporter interactions, such as KCNQ1 with active transporters.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on ion channels and active transporters.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating functional and physical interactions between these proteins.
  • Comparative examination of known and newly discovered chansporter complexes.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates direct physical interactions between ion channels and active transporters.
  • These interactions form novel macromolecular complexes termed "chansporters".
  • Specific chansporter complexes, like those involving KCNQ1, highlight their functional significance.

Conclusions:

  • Chansporters represent a newly emerging class of signaling complexes.
  • Understanding chansporters is crucial for comprehending cellular homeostasis and disease.
  • Further research into chansporter complexes is warranted to uncover their full biological impact.