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Drug therapy during pregnancy: implications for dental practice.
1Department of Clinical Sciences (pharmacology), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto;
British Dental Journal
|April 23, 2016
Summary
Pregnancy causes physiological changes affecting how the body processes drugs, requiring careful consideration for dental pharmacotherapy to ensure maternal and fetal safety. Dental medications generally safe in pregnancy may need dosage adjustments.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pharmacology
- Dental Medicine
Background:
- Pregnancy involves significant physiological and physical alterations across multiple organ systems.
- These systemic changes can impact drug pharmacokinetics in pregnant individuals.
- Pharmacotherapy during pregnancy necessitates careful evaluation due to potential teratogenic risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss physiological changes during pregnancy and their influence on drug therapy.
- To highlight considerations for dental medications commonly used during pregnancy.
- To review the impact of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of local anesthetics, analgesics, antibiotics, and sedatives.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of physiological changes during pregnancy.
- Analysis of pharmacokinetic alterations affecting drug disposition.
- Examination of safety profiles and necessary modifications for common dental drugs.
Main Results:
- Physiological shifts in pregnancy alter drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
- Most dental medications are safe but may require dosage or formulation adjustments.
- Understanding these changes is crucial for safe and effective dental treatment during pregnancy.
Conclusions:
- Dental pharmacotherapy during pregnancy requires a nuanced approach due to altered maternal physiology.
- Dentists must be aware of pharmacokinetic changes to optimize drug selection and dosing.
- Ensuring patient safety involves balancing therapeutic needs with potential risks to the fetus.
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