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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Aberrant nigral diffusion in Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study.

Clare Loane1,2,3, Marios Politis1,2, Zinovia Kefalopoulou4

  • 1Neurology Imaging Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|April 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor imaging reveals nigral changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression. Nigral fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity alterations in PD patients over time suggest potential as biomarkers for disease tracking.

Keywords:
DTIFAMDParkinson's disease

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biomarkers
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) shows potential for tracking Parkinson's disease (PD) progression.
  • Previous studies noted decreased nigral fractional anisotropy in PD.
  • The impact of disease progression on nigral and striatal diffusion indices requires further exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal changes in nigral and striatal diffusion indices in early-stage Parkinson's disease.
  • To assess the potential of DTI measures as biomarkers for PD progression.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal DTI study was conducted on 18 early-stage PD patients and 14 age-matched controls.
  • Patients were scanned twice, 19.3 months apart, OFF medication.
  • Region-of-interest analysis was used to calculate nigral and striatal fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity.

Main Results:

  • No significant baseline differences in diffusion indices between PD patients and controls.
  • Significant differences in nigral fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were detected at follow-up in PD patients compared to controls.
  • Longitudinal analysis confirmed these nigral changes within the PD group.
  • No significant alterations were observed in striatal regions over time or between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Nigral diffusion measures, specifically fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity, may serve as valuable indicators of Parkinson's disease progression.
  • Further large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to validate DTI indices as sensitive and clinically relevant biomarkers for PD progression.