Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

1.7K
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
1.7K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

868
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
868
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

2.6K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
2.6K
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

1.6K
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
1.6K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

1.7K
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
1.7K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.5K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Functional connectivity changes in patients with absence epilepsy studied using resting-state functional MRI.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·2012
Same author

Quantitative analysis of mitral valve morphology in mitral valve prolapse with real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography: importance of annular saddle shape in the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation.

Circulation·2012
Same author

Interval cancers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening: comparing two screening intervals after a negative initial screening result.

Journal of medical screening·2012
Same author

Two Epstein-Barr virus-related serologic antibody tests in nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening: results from the initial phase of a cluster randomized controlled trial in Southern China.

American journal of epidemiology·2012
Same author

MALT1 small molecule inhibitors specifically suppress ABC-DLBCL in vitro and in vivo.

Cancer cell·2012
Same author

Extraction and characterization of extracellular polymeric substances in biofilm and sludge via completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite system.

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

1.0K

Two-stage perceptual learning to break visual crowding.

Ziyun Zhu, Zhenzhi Fan, Fang Fang

    Journal of Vision
    |April 23, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Perceptual learning can reduce, but not always eliminate, crowding in peripheral vision. Training reveals a two-stage process: general crowding reduction followed by specific orientation improvement.

    More Related Videos

    Stereoacuity Improvement using Random-Dot Video Games
    06:25

    Stereoacuity Improvement using Random-Dot Video Games

    Published on: January 14, 2020

    15.2K
    Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
    05:58

    Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

    Published on: August 29, 2018

    9.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

    Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
    07:12

    Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

    Published on: April 11, 2025

    1.0K
    Stereoacuity Improvement using Random-Dot Video Games
    06:25

    Stereoacuity Improvement using Random-Dot Video Games

    Published on: January 14, 2020

    15.2K
    Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
    05:58

    Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

    Published on: August 29, 2018

    9.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Visual perception
    • Cognitive neuroscience
    • Perceptual learning

    Background:

    • Crowding limits object recognition in peripheral vision.
    • Cluttered visual scenes are difficult to process due to crowding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate if crowding can be eliminated through training.
    • Understand the learning process involved in overcoming crowding.

    Main Methods:

    • Adult human subjects trained on a crowded orientation discrimination task.
    • Assessed transfer of crowding reduction to different orientations and stimuli.
    • Examined performance with varying target-flanker distances.

    Main Results:

    • A two-stage learning process was identified.
    • Early stage: general crowding reduction with some transfer.
    • Late stage: specific performance improvement for trained orientation.
    • Fine spacing limited complete elimination of crowding.

    Conclusions:

    • Training can significantly reduce crowding, but complete elimination depends on stimulus spacing.
    • The brain employs a two-stage learning strategy to handle peripheral clutter.
    • This strategy involves general processing improvements and specific representation refinement.