Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decreasing Function01:27

Decreasing Function

299
A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
299
Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

404
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
404
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

1.1K
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
1.1K
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

910
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
910
Aging01:26

Aging

714
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
714
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.6K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preoperative Anxiety Is Associated with Early Postoperative Pain After Arthroscopic Ankle Ligament Reconstruction: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Periodontal Disease Independently Associated With White Matter Hyperintensity Volume: A Measure of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Neurology open access·2026
Same author

Evidence-based guidelines for long-term care in spinal cord-related decompression illness.

Diving and hyperbaric medicine·2026
Same author

Partial Tenotomy and Reattachment for Chronic Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy: Functional Outcomes, Return to Sport, and Patient Satisfaction.

The American journal of sports medicine·2026
Same author

Post-stroke flexed elbow deformity management: consensus opinion from an international Delphi expert panel.

Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine·2026
Same author

Biologic gracilis augmentation with iliotibial band enhances recovery and lowers complications in ACL reconstruction compared with hamstring plus lateral tenodesis.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA·2026
Same journal

Socioeconomic inequalities and health behaviours in depression: a picture of mental health in Portugal.

European journal of public health·2026
Same journal

Age at menarche association with metabolic, reproductive, and sociodemographic factors: a population-based cross-sectional analysis using an outcome-wide framework in Geneva, Switzerland.

European journal of public health·2026
Same journal

Beyond the binary: towards obesity prevention and treatment as a continuum.

European journal of public health·2026
Same journal

Climate concern, pro-environmental behaviours and use of e-cigarettes in the European Union.

European journal of public health·2026
Same journal

Beyond accuracy: how generative artificial intelligence reshapes the foundations of public health discourse.

European journal of public health·2026
Same journal

Trends in injuries over 20 years: a cross-national study of 954 298 adolescents from 31 European countries.

European journal of public health·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies
10:45

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K

Do socioeconomic disparities in stroke and its consequences decrease in older age?

Olivier Grimaud1,2, Pascale Roussel3,4, Alexis Schnitzler5,6

  • 1French School of Public Health (EHESP), Rennes, France olivier.grimaud@ehesp.fr.

European Journal of Public Health
|April 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Socioeconomic status (SES) disparities significantly impact stroke outcomes, particularly dependency, even in older adults. These inequalities highlight challenges for equitable healthcare in aging populations.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Innovative Techniques and Future Directions in Stroke Research
04:46

Author Spotlight: Innovative Techniques and Future Directions in Stroke Research

Published on: May 5, 2023

5.5K
Using Zebrafish Larvae to Study the Pathological Consequences of Hemorrhagic Stroke
06:36

Using Zebrafish Larvae to Study the Pathological Consequences of Hemorrhagic Stroke

Published on: June 5, 2019

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies
10:45

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K
Author Spotlight: Innovative Techniques and Future Directions in Stroke Research
04:46

Author Spotlight: Innovative Techniques and Future Directions in Stroke Research

Published on: May 5, 2023

5.5K
Using Zebrafish Larvae to Study the Pathological Consequences of Hemorrhagic Stroke
06:36

Using Zebrafish Larvae to Study the Pathological Consequences of Hemorrhagic Stroke

Published on: June 5, 2019

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Decreased socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to higher stroke incidence and mortality.
  • Existing research has not fully clarified if SES-stroke relationships persist into older age or affect stroke sequelae.
  • The influence of SES on absolute stroke risk across different age groups remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and stroke outcomes, including sequelae and dependency, in different age groups.
  • To determine if SES disparities in stroke prevalence and outcomes differ across age strata.
  • To assess the absolute risk of stroke outcomes related to SES in older populations.

Main Methods:

  • A nationally representative cross-sectional survey in France (2009) included 26,000 participants.
  • Identified 1653 participants with previous stroke, categorizing outcomes as stroke with sequelae or stroke with dependency.
  • Analyzed socioeconomic status (SES) based on education level (low, medium, high) across age groups (40-59, 60-79, 80+).

Main Results:

  • Stroke prevalence was 23.8 per thousand; 65.1% had sequelae, 19.6% were dependent.
  • Statistically significant variations in stroke and sequelae prevalence were mainly observed in younger generations.
  • A significant education gradient for stroke with dependency was found across all generations, with higher relative risk in younger groups but greater absolute differences in older groups.

Conclusions:

  • Significant and substantial SES disparities exist in older adults concerning severe stroke outcomes like dependency.
  • These findings raise concerns about the equity of universal healthcare systems in addressing the needs of an aging population.
  • SES gradients in stroke outcomes, especially dependency, persist across the lifespan, with critical absolute differences in the elderly.