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Related Concept Videos

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
04:33

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

Evidence-based guidelines for long-term care in spinal cord-related decompression illness.

Camille Dubois1,2,3, Claire Hentzen1,2, Alexis Schnitzler4

  • 1Sorbonne University, GRC 01-GREEN, Paris, France.

Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Long-term care for spinal cord decompression illness (scDCI) lacks specific protocols. This review adapts spinal cord injury (SCI) guidelines to propose evidence-based recommendations for improved patient outcomes and data generation.

Keywords:
Central nervous systemDecompression sicknessHyperbaric medicineScuba divingSpinal cord injury

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
04:33

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Diving Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord decompression illness (scDCI) sequelae are frequent but often underdiagnosed.
  • Current long-term care for scDCI patients is not standardized.
  • International and French guidelines for decompression illness (DCI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on long-term care for scDCI.
  • To propose structured, evidence-based recommendations for scDCI management.
  • To adapt SCI guidelines for scDCI patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of international and French DCI and SCI guidelines.
  • Literature search in PubMed (1996-2025) for long-term care evidence.
  • Predefined key domains based on SCI guidelines (urinary/gastrointestinal function, thromboembolism, autonomic dysreflexia, pulmonary function, pain, spasticity).

Main Results:

  • No specific long-term follow-up protocols for scDCI were identified.
  • SCI guidelines were adapted for the scDCI population.
  • Recommendations include systematic neurological and urological screening and risk-adapted follow-up for two years.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term outcomes of scDCI are poorly defined with frequent, underdiagnosed sequelae.
  • Structured follow-up adapted from SCI guidelines can improve prognosis.
  • This approach may harmonize care and generate data for future studies.