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Related Concept Videos

Homeostatic Imbalance01:10

Homeostatic Imbalance

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Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body, which is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. The body has various control mechanisms that work together to regulate various physiological parameters such as temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance, to name a few. These control mechanisms are based on feedback loops that can be either positive or negative.
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What is Homeostasis?01:16

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Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
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Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
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An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Acid-base homeostasis is essential for maintaining normal physiological activities in humans. The pH of various body fluids is strictly regulated because it is critical for the optimal activity of enzymes involved in metabolic reactions. Enzymes are basically proteins, so, any significant change in pH can affect their structure and activity. In humans, pH is regulated using three primary mechanisms— chemical buffer systems, respiratory regulation, and renal regulation.
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Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism
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Adaptive homeostasis.

Kelvin J A Davies1

  • 1Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, & Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA.

Molecular Aspects of Medicine
|April 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Physiology research introduces Adaptive Homeostasis, a new concept for understanding biological systems. This term describes transient adjustments to the body's internal environment in response to mild stimuli, crucial for studying stress and aging.

Keywords:
AdaptationAgingHomeostasisHormesisNrf2Oxidative Stress

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Homeostasis, defined as a constant internal bodily environment, has been a cornerstone of physiology for over a century.
  • Existing research on signal transduction reveals biological systems make continuous short-term adaptations to stimuli.
  • Current terms like hormesis, heterostasis, and allostasis do not accurately describe these transient adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new term, Adaptive Homeostasis, to better describe biological system adaptations.
  • To refine the understanding of homeostasis in the context of mild, non-damaging stimuli.
  • To provide a more accurate descriptor for studies involving stress, toxicology, disease, and aging.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of physiological and molecular signaling research.
  • Conceptual analysis of existing homeostasis-related terminology.
  • Definition and operationalization of the proposed term 'Adaptive Homeostasis'.

Main Results:

  • Identified limitations in current terminology for transient biological adaptations.
  • Proposed 'Adaptive Homeostasis' as a more fitting descriptor.
  • Defined Adaptive Homeostasis as the transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range due to signaling molecules or events.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive Homeostasis offers a more precise framework for understanding physiological responses to mild environmental changes.
  • This new concept is particularly relevant for research in stress, toxicology, disease, and aging.
  • The proposed term facilitates a deeper understanding of dynamic biological regulation beyond traditional homeostasis.