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Is it really theoretical? A review of sampling in grounded theory studies in nursing journals
Niall McCrae1, Edward Purssell1
1Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, UK.
Background:
Grounded theory is a distinct method of qualitative research, where core features are theoretical sampling and constant comparative analysis. However, inconsistent application of these activities has been observed in published studies.
Aim:
This review assessed the use of theoretical sampling in grounded theory studies in nursing journals.
Design:
An adapted systematic review was conducted.
Method:
Three leading nursing journals (2010-2014) were searched for studies stating grounded theory as the method. Sampling was assessed using a concise rating tool.
Results:
A high proportion (86%) of the 134 articles described an iterative process of data collection and analysis. However, half of the studies did not demonstrate theoretical sampling, with many studies declaring or indicating a purposive sampling approach throughout.
Conclusion:
Specific reporting guidelines for grounded theory studies should be developed to ensure that study reports describe an iterative process of fieldwork and theoretical development.
