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Methylomic changes during conversion to psychosis.

O Kebir1,2,3,4, B Chaumette1,2,3,4, F Rivollier1,2,3,4

  • 1Université Paris Descartes, PRES Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France.

Molecular Psychiatry
|April 27, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic changes, specifically DNA methylation, may signal the transition to psychosis in at-risk youth. This longitudinal study found distinct methylation patterns in converters, highlighting potential biological mechanisms influencing psychosis onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Psychosis onset results from gene-environment interactions.
  • Epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation, is a key mediator.
  • Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal genomic DNA methylation changes during the transition to psychosis.
  • To identify specific methylation patterns associated with psychotic conversion in young individuals.
  • To explore the role of epigenetics in psychosis development.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal prospective study of help-seeking young individuals over 1 year.
  • Utilized Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array for genome-wide methylation analysis.
  • Confirmed findings using pyrosequencing and performed network analyses on top CpG sites.

Main Results:

  • Specific DNA methylation changes were associated with conversion to psychosis.
  • Significant differences in methylation were observed in the 1q21.1 region and GSTM5 gene promoter.
  • Top CpG sites distinguished between converters and non-converters, implicating pathways in oxidative stress, axon guidance, and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Longitudinal DNA methylation variations may reflect biological mechanisms precipitating psychosis in prodromal individuals.
  • Findings support the role of epigenetics in mediating gene-environment interactions during psychosis development.
  • Further replication studies are needed to confirm these initial findings.