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Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

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Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
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A Novel Approach to Overcome Movement Artifact When Using a Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging System for Alternating Speeds of Blood Microcirculation
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Quantitative blood flow velocity imaging using laser speckle flowmetry.

Annemarie Nadort1,2, Koen Kalkman1, Ton G van Leeuwen1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Scientific Reports
|April 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study clarifies the relationship between decorrelation time and blood flow velocity using sidestream dark field-laser speckle contrast imaging. The findings enable more accurate quantification of microcirculatory blood flow and tissue perfusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Microcirculation Research
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Laser speckle flowmetry (LSF) has a debated quantification of blood flow velocity (V) based on decorrelation time (τc), often simplified as 1/τc = αV.
  • The scaling factor α is influenced by optical properties and scattering, complicating accurate velocity measurements in microcirculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the influence of scatterer optical properties on the α factor in microcirculation.
  • To validate theoretical predictions regarding the inverse relation between τc and V.
  • To develop a practical method for correcting flow measurements affected by multiple scattering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified microcirculation imager integrating sidestream dark field and laser speckle contrast imaging (SDF-LSCI).
  • Conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the impact of scatterer properties on α.
  • Developed and applied a model-based scaling factor to correct for multiple scattering effects.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated good agreement with theoretical predictions for α within specific limits of scatterer size and multiple scattering.
  • Presented a practical, model-based scaling factor for correcting multiple scattering in microcirculatory vessels.
  • Showcased SDF-LSCI's capability for quantitative flow velocity measurement alongside vessel morphology.

Conclusions:

  • SDF-LSCI provides a quantitative measure of blood flow velocity in microcirculation, improving upon traditional LSF.
  • The developed methods enhance the accuracy of blood flow and tissue perfusion quantification.
  • This research contributes to a more precise understanding and measurement of microcirculatory dynamics.