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Global Burden of Thrombosis: Epidemiologic Aspects

Aaron M Wendelboe1, Gary E Raskob2

  • 1From the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health, Oklahoma City. Aaron-Wendelboe@ouhsc.edu.

Circulation Research
|April 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Thromboembolic conditions cause 1 in 4 global deaths, with arterial and venous types impacting millions. Public health awareness and interventions are crucial, especially in developing nations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • Public health
  • Global health

Background:

  • Thromboembolic conditions represent a significant global health burden, accounting for a quarter of all deaths worldwide.
  • These conditions are broadly categorized into arterial (ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke) and venous (deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) types.
  • Atrial fibrillation is identified as a key risk factor for stroke and systemic arterial thromboembolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the global incidence and mortality rates of major thromboembolic conditions.
  • To assess public awareness levels for different thromboembolic conditions.
  • To identify trends in disease burden across developed and developing countries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease Project, systematic reviews, and published literature.
  • Compiled incidence rates (IR) per 100,000 for ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, atrial fibrillation, and venous thromboembolism.
  • Gathered mortality rates (MR) for these conditions and surveyed public awareness levels.

Main Results:

  • High global incidence rates were reported: ischemic heart disease (1518.7), venous thromboembolism (115-269), and ischemic stroke (114.3).
  • Mortality rates varied, with ischemic heart disease (105.5) and ischemic stroke (42.3) being highest.
  • Public awareness is notably lower for deep-vein thrombosis (44%) and pulmonary embolism (54%) compared to heart attack (88%) and stroke (85%).

Conclusions:

  • Thromboembolic conditions remain a leading cause of mortality globally, with significant variations in incidence and mortality.
  • Incidence and mortality rates are improving in developed nations but rising in developing regions.
  • Enhanced public health efforts focusing on symptom and risk factor awareness are essential, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationmyocardial infarctionpulmonary embolismstrokevenous thromboembolism

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