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Related Concept Videos

Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
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Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Development of a Smartphone-Enhanced Paper-Based Device for Rapid Dengue NS1 Detection
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Simultaneous forward and reverse ABO blood group typing using a paper-based device and barcode-like interpretation.

Temsiri Songjaroen1, Wanida Laiwattanapaisal2

  • 1Postdoctoral Fellowship Under the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Fund, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|April 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A novel paper-based analytical device (PAD) enables simultaneous ABO blood group typing, overcoming hematocrit discrepancies. This reproducible method offers a visual, barcode-like analysis for accurate forward and reverse blood grouping at the point-of-care.

Keywords:
ABO blood groupForward and reverse typingHaemagglutinationPaper-based analytical devices (PADs)Wax printing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Conventional ABO blood group typing methods can be affected by hematocrit variations, leading to discrepancies.
  • There is a need for rapid, reliable, and accessible blood typing methods, particularly for point-of-care settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a paper-based analytical device (PAD) for simultaneous forward and reverse ABO blood group typing.
  • To address discrepancies in blood typing results caused by individual hematocrit levels.
  • To provide a visually analyzable and reproducible method for ABO blood group determination.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a PAD using wax-printed channels on filter paper with integrated blood separation membranes.
  • Application of specific antibodies (Anti-A, -B, -A,B) for forward grouping and standardized red blood cells (A-cells, B-cells, O-cells) for reverse grouping.
  • Parallel testing with control channels and visual analysis of agglutination patterns compared to non-agglutinated cell migration.

Main Results:

  • The PAD successfully performed simultaneous forward and reverse ABO blood group typing.
  • The device demonstrated excellent reproducibility with 10 replications.
  • Results showed high correlation with conventional slide and tube methods for both forward and reverse grouping.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PAD platform effectively overcomes hematocrit-influenced discrepancies in ABO blood typing.
  • The device offers a simple, visual, and reproducible method for blood group analysis.
  • This ABO typing PAD shows significant potential for point-of-care testing applications.