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Radiation: Applications

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

Initial characterization, dosimetric benchmark and performance validation of Dynamic Wave Arc.

Manuela Burghelea^1,2,3, Dirk Verellen⁴, Kenneth Poels⁵

¹Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium. manuela.buleteanu@yahoo.com.

Radiation Oncology (London, England)

|May 1, 2016

Summary

Dynamic Wave Arc (DWA) offers improved target coverage and reduced dose spillage for lung cancer patients. This advanced radiotherapy technique also significantly cuts treatment time for prostate and pancreatic cancer cases.

Keywords:

2D diode dosimeter Dynamic Wave Arc Noncoplanar delivery

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Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

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Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy

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Area of Science:

Radiation Oncology
Medical Physics

Background:

Dynamic Wave Arc (DWA) is a novel clinical approach for the Vero SBRT system.
It synchronizes gantry-ring noncoplanar movement with dynamic multi-leaf collimator (D-MLC) optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

To verify the delivery accuracy of the DWA approach.
To evaluate the potential dosimetric benefits of DWA.

Main Methods:

DWA, an extension of VMAT, features continuous ring position variation.
Patient-specific trajectories were created for 31 patients across various tumor sites.
DWA plans were benchmarked against clinical approaches and coplanar VMAT, assessing dose distribution, modulation complexity, and treatment time.

Main Results:

DWA improved low-dose spillage by 20% and target coverage by 17% in centrally-located NSCLC cases compared to 3D CRT.
Significant dose reductions were observed for proximal bronchus (17%) and esophagus (24%).
DWA reduced delivery time by over 65% compared to IMRT for prostate and LAPC, with a steeper dose gradient observed across all sites (p < 0.01).
Average ɣ (3%/3mm) passing rate for DWA plans was 99.2 ± 1%.

Conclusions:

DWA is a functional radiotherapy technique offering enhanced dose shaping flexibility.
It provides dosimetrically robust delivery with treatment times comparable to coplanar VMAT.
DWA demonstrates potential for improved outcomes in various cancer treatments.