Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

832
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
832
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

935
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
935
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

969
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
969
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

272
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
272
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

803
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
803
Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

1.5K
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Co-expression-based models improve eQTL predictions for transcriptome-wide association studies and highlight new schizophrenia-associated genes.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Genetic Risk and Resilience for Schizophrenia Stratified by Perinatal Gene Expression Predict Adult Cognitive Performance.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Magnetoencephalographic Microstates Reveal Disrupted Brain Activity Patterns in Schizophrenia Controlling for Treatment-Related Modulations.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026
Same author

Behavioral and Personality Changes as the First Manifestation of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2.

Cerebellum (London, England)·2026
Same author

Neurobiological Signatures of Trauma, Personality, and Depressivity: A Transdiagnostic Machine Learning Study in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same author

Biosignatures of cognitive basic symptoms mark a distinct neurodevelopmental pathway to schizophrenia.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026
Same journal

War and Suicide in the US Military.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Do Likes Reinforce Depression?

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

The Reinforcement Effect of Social Media Likes in Depression.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Pharmacological Interventions for Weight Reduction in Patients With Schizophrenia Treated With Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Toward a Pluralistic Model for the Schizophrenia Spectrum-Dopamine and Beyond.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Errors in Results.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K

Altered Functional Subnetwork During Emotional Face Processing: A Potential Intermediate Phenotype for Schizophrenia.

Hengyi Cao1, Alessandro Bertolino2, Henrik Walter3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.

JAMA Psychiatry
|May 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Altered brain connectivity in a visual-limbic network during emotional face processing may serve as a biomarker for schizophrenia risk. This finding is reliable, task-specific, and linked to anxiety and illness severity.

More Related Videos

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

14.7K
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K
Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

14.7K
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Schizophrenia exhibits prominent emotional processing deficits, but underlying neural mechanisms linked to genetic risk remain unclear.
  • Previous studies show inconsistent findings in brain activation and connectivity in relatives, necessitating a broader search for connectomic biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a systems-level intermediate phenotype for emotion processing in schizophrenia.
  • To examine the phenotype's psychological associations, task specificity, test-retest reliability, and clinical validity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an emotional face-matching task in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
  • Employed graph-theoretical network analysis to assess connectivity, alongside clinical association and reliability studies.

Main Results:

  • A visual-limbic subnetwork showed decreased connectivity during emotional face processing in relatives and patients compared to controls.
  • This connectivity measure was reliable, specific to emotional tasks, negatively correlated with trait anxiety, and independent of gray matter volume.
  • No significant differences were found in amygdala activation or amygdala-anterior cingulate cortex connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Altered connectivity in a visual-limbic subnetwork during emotional face processing represents a potential functional connectomic intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia.
  • This phenotype is reliable, task-specific, associated with trait anxiety, and linked to the manifest illness, warranting further investigation.