Solid-state electrochemistry on the nanometer and atomic scales: the scanning probe microscopy approach

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Surface Science

Background:

• 21st-century energy technologies demand precise control over ion transport and electrochemistry.
• Understanding these processes across all length scales is crucial for device development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent studies on advanced scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques.
• To summarize methods for probing electrochemical transformations in solids at various scales.

Main Methods:

• Advanced scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques.
• Analysis of electrochemical transformations at meso-, nano-, and atomic scales.

Main Results:

• SPM methods provide detailed insights into nanoscale electrochemistry.
• The review discusses advantages and limitations of various SPM techniques.
• Examples highlight unique aspects of electrochemical processes at the nanoscale.

Conclusions:

• Advanced SPM is essential for understanding and controlling nanoscale electrochemistry.
• This knowledge is vital for advancing energy technologies.
• Further research using SPM will uncover more peculiarities of solid-state electrochemistry.