[The "upside-down stomach"--a diagnostic pitfall]

Upside down stomach is an extreme variant of a paraesophageal hernia. The cardia and pylorus are located next to each other, while the rest of the stomach lies within the thorax. Radiology is mandatory for accurate anatomical documentation, while endoscopy is necessary to identify pathology, primarily bleeding sources. This is a rare condition found during endoscopy, with an incidence of 1.5%. Since there is a risk of volvulus, surgical correction is usually indicated.