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Practical and Legal Challenges to Electroconvulsive Therapy in Malignant Catatonia
Neeta Shenai1, Crystal D White, Pierre N Azzam
1From the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
Abstract:
In cases of malignant catatonia, prompt administration of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can decrease mortality, whereas delays to initiating ECT have resulted in adverse outcomes, including death. We present a clinical vignette of malignant catatonia that required court-ordered ECT, followed by a discussion of practical and legal obstacles to expediting emergent ECT when patients cannot provide consent. We review particularly exacting mandates for involuntary ECT from three states: California, Texas, and New York. As compared to standard practice for other clinical interventions when a patient lacks decision-making capacity, ECT is highly regulated; in some cases, these regulations can interfere with life-saving treatment.
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