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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Published on: October 20, 2017
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Risk of Stroke
Ralf J Holzer1, Clifford L Cua2
1Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sidra Medical and Research Center, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
Abstract:
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare, with an estimated incidence of 2 to 3 cases per 100,000, with most PAVMs (50%-80%) occurring in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Hypoxemia and orthodeoxia are some of the more common clinical presentations. The estimated risk of stroke secondary to PAVMs is as high as 2.6% to 25.0%. A combination of chest radiograph and contrast echocardiography is a good screening evaluation in patients with suspected PAVMs. Transcatheter therapy is the most suitable therapeutic option in most patients with PAVMs, and a variety of devices can be used to occlude the PAVMs.
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