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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model
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Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model

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Stem cell-based therapies for HIV/AIDS.

Olivier Pernet1, Swati Seth Yadav1, Dong Sung An2

  • 1School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, 188 BSRB, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, 188 BSRB, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|May 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy offers a potential one-time cure for HIV/AIDS by engineering stem cells to produce HIV-resistant immune cells for lifelong remission without daily medication.

Keywords:
Anti-HIV genesCRISPR/Cas9Genome editing technologiesHIVHematopoietic stem progenitor cellsRNA interferenceTALENZinc finger nucleases

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gene Therapy
  • Virology

Background:

  • Current HIV/AIDS research seeks lifelong remission without daily antiretroviral therapy.
  • Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-based gene therapy is a promising strategy to achieve this goal.
  • This approach aims to engineer a patient's immune system for sustained HIV resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review recent advancements in HSC-based anti-HIV gene therapy.
  • To cover the development of anti-HIV genes, stem cell modification, and immune cell reconstitution.
  • To summarize findings from preclinical models and human clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on anti-HIV gene development.
  • Analysis of techniques for genetic modification of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs).
  • Evaluation of studies on the engraftment and differentiation of modified HSPCs into HIV-resistant immune cells.
  • Assessment of in vitro, in vivo animal model, and human clinical trial data for HIV inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in developing effective anti-HIV genes.
  • Successful genetic modification and engraftment of HSPCs have been demonstrated.
  • Preclinical and early clinical data show promising HIV inhibition and immune reconstitution.
  • The potential for sustained, long-term HIV resistance through gene-modified immune cells is evident.

Conclusions:

  • Hematopoietic stem cell-based anti-HIV gene therapy holds significant potential for a one-time, lifelong treatment for HIV/AIDS.
  • This therapeutic strategy could lead to a functional cure by continuously supplying HIV-resistant immune cells.
  • Further research and clinical trials are crucial to optimize and validate this approach for widespread application.