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The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter assuming that the confidence interval is obtained after sufficient unbiased sampling; for example, if the CL = 90%, then in 90 out of 100 samples the interval estimate will enclose the true population parameter. Here α is the area under the curve, distributed equally under...
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Assessing recognition memory using confidence ratings and response times.

Christoph T Weidemann1, Michael J Kahana2

  • 1Department of Psycholoy, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Royal Society Open Science
|May 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Response times can provide insights into decision-making, similar to confidence ratings. This study shows that reaction speed offers comparable information about recognition memory, offering a valuable alternative to introspection.

Keywords:
confidence ratingsreceiver operating characteristicrecognition memoryresponse times

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Categorization tasks, like recognition memory and signal detection, rely on mapping internal signals to discrete responses.
  • Introspective judgments (confidence ratings) are commonly used to assess the internal states underlying these decisions.
  • However, the reliability of introspection is limited, questioning the accuracy of the information it provides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which response times can provide information typically gathered through explicit confidence ratings.
  • To quantitatively compare the efficacy of response times versus confidence ratings in qualifying recognition memory decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Participants' response times were recorded during recognition memory tasks.
  • Response times were quantitatively compared with explicit confidence ratings.
  • The study analyzed the convergent validity of response times and confidence ratings in reflecting decision processes.

Main Results:

  • Response times and confidence ratings yielded convergent results in qualifying recognition memory decisions.
  • A significant portion of the information obtained from confidence ratings was also derivable from response times.
  • This suggests response times can serve as a proxy for confidence in certain cognitive tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Response times offer a valuable, objective measure that can substitute for subjective confidence ratings in many contexts.
  • Utilizing response times may overcome the limitations associated with introspection in assessing internal decision states.
  • This finding has implications for research, legal, and clinical settings where accurate assessment of classification decisions is crucial.