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New approaches in buffalo artificial insemination programs with special reference to India
Inderjeet Singh1, A K Balhara1
1ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Artificial insemination (AI) significantly boosts buffalo productivity and milk yield, especially in India. Ongoing research aims to further improve conception rates for better livestock management.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Reproductive Biology
- Livestock Management
Background:
- Artificial insemination (AI) is a key technology for livestock breed improvement and management.
- Buffalo farming productivity has seen significant progress due to controlled breeding via AI.
- AI adoption varies globally, with low coverage in Europe and East Asia but high rates in specific regions like Bulgaria and significant progress in India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the impact of artificial insemination (AI) on buffalo productivity and breeding.
- To review the adoption and progress of AI in buffalo farming globally, with a focus on India.
- To discuss ongoing research for enhancing AI success rates in buffaloes.
Main Methods:
- Review of global AI practices in buffalo farming.
- Analysis of milk yield data in Indian buffaloes post-AI implementation.
- Examination of national breeding programs and AI service infrastructure in India.
Main Results:
- Average milk yield in Indian buffaloes increased from 3.4 kg/day in 1992 to 4.57 kg/day by 2009 due to AI.
- India produced over one million buffalo semen straws in 2010-11, with 52 million inseminations performed.
- An overall conception rate of 35% was achieved in bovine and buffalo populations through AI services.
Conclusions:
- Artificial insemination is a proven technology for enhancing buffalo productivity and genetic improvement.
- India has established a robust AI infrastructure, significantly contributing to the dairy sector.
- Continued research into synchronization and semen quality is crucial for further improving AI efficacy in buffaloes.
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