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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

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Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis.

Joseph D Feuerstein1, Kenneth R Falchuk1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|May 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diverticular disease, including diverticulosis and diverticulitis, is common. While antibiotics were standard, mild cases may not require them, and surgery isn't always needed for recurrent diverticulitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Diverticular disease, encompassing diverticulosis and diverticulitis, is a prevalent condition with varied clinical presentations.
  • Diverticula are outpouchings in the colonic wall, often forming at sites of vascular penetration.
  • In 2009, diverticulitis and diverticulosis accounted for over 2.9 million outpatient visits and hospitalizations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of diverticular disease, including its pathophysiology, risk factors, and evolving treatment strategies.
  • To evaluate the necessity of antibiotics in uncomplicated diverticulitis and the role of interventions in preventing recurrent episodes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of PubMed articles was conducted up to February 1, 2016.
  • Search terms included various forms of "colon diverticula" and "diverticulitis."

Main Results:

  • Obesity, smoking, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and opiates are identified risk factors for diverticulitis.
  • While fiber intake is traditionally considered protective, recent evidence is inconclusive.
  • Mild to moderate uncomplicated diverticulitis may not necessitate antibiotic treatment, challenging classical approaches.
  • Surgery is not always indicated for recurrent diverticulitis episodes.

Conclusions:

  • The management of diverticular disease is shifting, with a more nuanced approach to antibiotic use in uncomplicated cases.
  • Increasing fiber intake may aid in preventing future diverticulitis attacks.
  • The role of prophylactic surgery for recurrent diverticulitis requires further consideration.