Detection and Quantification of Molecular Calcification by PET/Computed Tomography: A New Paradigm in Assessing
Babak Saboury1, Pouya Ziai, Abass Alavi
1Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Abstract:
Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the leading cause of acute coronary syndrome. Molecular calcification represent as one of the early stages of plaque evolution has been hypothesized to play a potential role in atherosclerotic plaque instability and subsequent rupture. Several invasive and non-invasive structural imaging techniques have been utilized to diagnose atherosclerosis, but none of these methods are capable of detecting and quantifying molecular calcification. Fluorine-18-Sodium Fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging allows detection and quantification of arterial molecular calcification in heart and across multiple vessels. In this review the authors discuss the feasibility, application and potential future of 18F-NaF-PET/CT in detecting molecular calcification and in defining the future risk of atherosclerotic plaque rupture in the affected vessels.
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