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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

1.6K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
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Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

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Visual function in autism spectrum disorders: a critical review.

Asmaa Bakroon1, Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan2,3

  • 1School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. abakroon@uwaterloo.ca.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|May 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Visual dysfunction is common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review explores genetic and neural causes, sensory processing impacts on behavior, and effects on visual performance in individuals with ASD.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorderscolour visionneural processingvision testsvisual acuityvisual performancevisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by significant social communication challenges and restricted, repetitive behaviors.
  • Individuals with ASD frequently exhibit atypical sensory processing, including visual anomalies.
  • Visual processing deficits can profoundly impact daily functioning and quality of life for those with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the underlying neural and genetic factors contributing to visual dysfunction in ASD.
  • To explore how atypical sensory processing influences communication and behavior in individuals with ASD.
  • To specifically examine the impact of visual dysfunctions on overall visual performance in the context of ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on visual processing in autism spectrum disorder.
  • Synthesis of current hypotheses regarding neural aetiologies and genetic factors.
  • Analysis of the relationship between sensory processing, behavior, and visual performance.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a strong link between genetic and neural factors and visual dysfunction in ASD.
  • Unusual sensory processing significantly affects communication and behavior patterns observed in autism.
  • Visual performance deficits are a key characteristic impacting individuals with ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Visual dysfunction is a critical feature of autism spectrum disorder with significant implications.
  • Understanding the neural and genetic underpinnings is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Addressing visual processing anomalies may improve functional outcomes and quality of life for individuals with ASD.