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[Detection of vision disorders in newborn infants and children]
1Service d'ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.
Insights
Early childhood vision screening before 18 months is crucial for detecting and treating visual deficits. Timely intervention for conditions like strabismus and congenital cataracts ensures proper visual development and future learning abilities.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology and Pediatric Medicine
- Developmental Neuroscience
Context:
- Childhood visual impairment requires early detection for effective management.
- Systematic vision screening is recommended before 18 months of age.
Purpose:
- To highlight the importance of early detection and treatment of childhood visual deficits.
- To outline key diagnostic methods for assessing infant vision.
Summary:
- Essential early vision screening tests include objective refraction (skiascopy) and preferential looking tests for visual acuity from 3 months.
- Electroretinography and evoked visual potentials are used for diagnosing poor vision.
- Early identification and management of strabismus, congenital cataracts, and glaucoma are critical.
Impact:
- Early correction of refractive errors promotes optimal visual development.
- Facilitates essential skills such as reading and writing in children.
- Reduces the long-term impact of visual impairments on a child's development and education.
Abstract:
Early detection of visual deficits is of most importance in childhood. To be adequately treated; it requires systematic screening before 18 months of age. Basic tests include objective refraction study (skiascopy), preferential sight test with estimation of visual acuity which is possible after 3 months of age, and, if poor vision, is found, electroretinography evoked visual potentials is performed. Many disorders can be recognized early on and treated (mainly strabismus, congenital cataract or glaucoma). The early correction of refractive disorders results in good visual development and subsequent facility in reading and writing.