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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide
Published on: January 30, 2026
Maximal inspiratory pressure is influenced by intensity of the warm-up protocol
Mati Arend1, Jana Kivastik2, Jarek Mäestu1
1University of Tartu, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Jakobi 5, Tartu 51014, Estonia.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to compare the effect of inspiratory muscle warm-up protocols with different intensities and breathing repetitions on maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). Ten healthy and recreationally active men (183.3±5.5cm, 83.7±7.8kg, 26.4±4.1years) completed four different inspiratory muscle (IM) warm-up protocols (2×30 inspirations at 40% MIP, 2×12 inspirations at 60% MIP, 2×6 inspirations at 80% MIP, 2×30 inspirations at 15% MIP) on separate, randomly assigned visits. Pre-post values of MIP using MicroRPM (Micro Medical, Kent, UK) showed a significant increase in the mean values after the IM warm-up (POWERbreathe(®) K1, Warwickshire, UK) with 40% MIP and 60% MIP warm-up protocols, when MIP increased by 7cm H2O (95% CI: 0.10…13.89) (p=0.047) and by 6.4cm H2O (95% CI: 2.98…13.83) (p=0.027), respectively. In conclusion, a higher intensity inspiratory muscle warm-up protocol (2×12 breaths at 60% of MIP) can increase IM strength.
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