Photodynamic action of protoporphyrin IX derivatives on Trichophyton rubrum
Rogério Rodrigo Ramos1, Dora Inês Kozusny-Andreani2, Adjaci Uchôa Fernandes2
1Fundação Educacional de Fernandópolis, Fernandópolis, SP, Brazil.
Background:
Dermatophytes are filamentous keratinophilic fungi. Trichophyton rubrum is a prevalent infectious agent in tineas and other skin diseases. Drug therapy is considered to be limited in the treatment of such infections, mainly due to low accessibility of the drug to the tissue attacked and development of antifungal resistance in these microorganisms. In this context, Photodynamic Therapy is presented as an alternative.
Objective:
Evaluate, in vitro, the photodynamic activity of four derivatives of Protoporphyrin IX by irradiation with LED 400 nm in T. rubrum.
Method:
Assays were subjected to irradiation by twelve cycles of ten minutes at five minute intervals.
Result:
Photodynamic action appeared as effective with total elimination of UFCs from the second irradiation cycle.
Conclusion:
Studies show that the photodynamic activity on Trichophyton rubrum relates to a suitable embodiment of the photosensitizer, which can be maximized by functionalization of peripheral groups of the porphyrinic ring.
Insights
Photodynamic therapy using Protoporphyrin IX derivatives effectively eliminated Trichophyton rubrum, a common cause of fungal skin infections. This approach offers a promising alternative to conventional antifungal drugs, overcoming resistance and accessibility issues.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Photochemistry
- Dermatology
Background:
- Dermatophytes, like Trichophyton rubrum, cause prevalent skin infections (tineas).
- Conventional antifungal therapies face challenges including poor drug penetration and emerging resistance.
- Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) presents a potential alternative treatment strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro photodynamic activity of four Protoporphyrin IX derivatives.
- To assess the efficacy of these derivatives against Trichophyton rubrum using LED 400 nm irradiation.
Main Methods:
- In vitro study involving Trichophyton rubrum.
- Irradiation using LED 400 nm light.
- Application of four Protoporphyrin IX derivatives in twelve 10-minute cycles with 5-minute intervals.
Main Results:
- Photodynamic action demonstrated significant efficacy against Trichophyton rubrum.
- Complete elimination of viable fungal counts (UFCs) was observed starting from the second irradiation cycle.
Conclusions:
- The photodynamic activity against Trichophyton rubrum is dependent on the photosensitizer's structure.
- Optimizing photosensitizer efficacy can be achieved through functionalization of the porphyrinic ring's peripheral groups.
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