Partial-thickness corneal tissue restoration after a chemical burn

We describe a case of full-thickness corneal restoration after an acute corneal burn with an acid agent.

A 32-year-old male reported painful discomfort, redness, photophobia, and a decrease in visual acuity in the left eye after a unilateral burn with an acid agent. Slit-lamp examination revealed massive corneal melting involving necrotic sequestrum of the entire corneal surface. Surgical approach was carried out in order to preserve residual ocular tissues.

Extensive corneal-conjunctival layer curettage of the necrotic tissue was performed showing perfectly clear undamaged deep lamellar corneal layers. The patient underwent multilayered amniotic membrane transplantation and total capsular-conjunctival flap in order to preserve ocular tissue from further melting or corneal perforation. A complete and spontaneous "restitutio ad integrum" of the corneal layers was shown during the follow-up. The cornea was perfectly clear with restored normal anatomical architecture.

In this case, a spontaneous full-thickness corneal tissue restoration occurred after an acute chemical burn. Studies about the mechanisms whereby different cells interact and replicate within the stroma may unveil the biology behind corneal regeneration and transparency.