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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique.
  • Current 2D EIT methods are limited in assessing volumetric lung ventilation.
  • 3D EIT offers potential for improved volumetric imaging but requires configuration analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the performance of 3D EIT using two electrode planes.
  • To evaluate different stimulation and measurement configurations for 3D EIT.
  • To assess the impact of body posture on 3D EIT lung ventilation imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Phantom measurements were conducted to assess reconstruction characteristics of seven configurations.
  • In vivo measurements were performed on eight healthy volunteers.
  • Functional EIT images were generated from inhalation curve features.

Main Results:

  • Phantom studies showed reasonable in-plane resolution but limited vertical resolution for 3D EIT with two electrode planes.
  • Volunteer studies demonstrated the ability to detect vertical changes in lung volume distribution with specific configurations.
  • Body posture significantly influenced regional lung ventilation patterns.

Conclusions:

  • 3D EIT with two electrode planes can provide functional lung ventilation imaging.
  • The 'square' stimulation and measurement pattern is recommended for two-plane 3D EIT.
  • Further optimization of electrode configurations is needed for enhanced vertical resolution.