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The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
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Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
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Dipolar Photosystems: Engineering Oriented Push-Pull Components into Double- and Triple-Channel Surface

Altan Bolag1,2, Naomi Sakai1, Stefan Matile3

  • 1Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Controlling supramolecular organization in push-pull aromatics is key for optoelectronic materials. This study demonstrates novel architectures with oriented push-pull stacks, enhancing photosystem activity and revealing optical gating effects.

Keywords:
dipolar photosystemsdisulfide exchangehydrazone exchangepolymerizationpush-pull chromophores

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Push-pull aromatics are challenging optoelectronic materials due to difficult supramolecular organization.
  • Recent synthetic advances enable directional integration of push-pull components into photosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Design, synthesize, and evaluate multicomponent photosystems with controlled π-stack architectures.
  • Investigate the impact of push-pull component orientation on photosystem activity.
  • Explore the potential for optical gating in these novel systems.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of double- and triple-channel architectures with parallel and mixed push-pull stacks.
  • Incorporation of hole-transporting aminoperylenemonoimides (APIs) and aminonaphthalimides (ANIs).
  • Utilized naphthalenediimides (NDIs) for co-axial electron-transporting stacks.

Main Results:

  • Parallel push-pull stacks showed higher activity than mixed stacks in double-channel systems.
  • Stack orientation relative to co-axial NDI stacks had minimal impact on activity.
  • Triple-channel systems with outward-directed dipoles exhibited enhanced activity, indicating optical gating.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled supramolecular organization of push-pull components is achievable in multicomponent photosystems.
  • Specific dipole orientations, particularly outward-directed, significantly boost photosystem performance.
  • The findings open avenues for advanced optoelectronic devices with optical gating capabilities.